# Problem description

This tutorial describes the analysis of a piezoelectric transformer. The model is 3D, and two analyses will be used: modal, to determine the resonance frequency of the transformer, and harmonic, to determine the gain of the transformer at resonance.
A piezoelectric transformer is a device that operates at resonance and that makes use of both direct and converse piezoelectric effects. In short, a low-voltage signal is applied at the input section in order to excite the mechanical resonance of the transformer. The stresses induced by the resonance effect produce charges at the electrodes of the output section. As a result, the input voltage is transformed, either into a higher (step-up transformer) or lower voltage (step-down transformer).
The transformer modeled in this tutorial is a so-called Rosen-type (from the name of the inventor), and it is somewhat simplified. It operates in a λ/2 (half-wavelength) longitudinal vibration mode.
The dimensions used for the geometry are shown (in mm) in the above figure.

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